Biologiska effekter av bisfenol A och S: En komparativ analys av vertebrater och evertebrater

Sammanfattning

This study systematically reviews the endocrine-disrupting effects of Bisphenol A (BPA) and Bisphenol S (BPS) on aquatic vertebrates and invertebrates to assess potential health- and ecological risks. Scientific articles were analyzed to compare the impacts of these chemicals on reproductive systems, oxidative stress, neurotoxicity, and metabolism. Results indicate that BPA, even at low concentrations (1–10 µg/L), significantly disrupts reproductive processes, induces oxidative stress, and affects cardiovascular and neurological functions in vertebrates. In invertebrates, BPA triggers reproductive impairments and metabolic disturbances at even lower doses (1 µg/L). BPS, introduced as a safer alternative, exhibits similar effects but generally at higher concentrations (≥100 µg/L). The findings suggest that while vertebrates display broader physiological effects, invertebrates are more acutely affected by lower bisphenol concentrations, raising concerns about the ecological safety of BPS as a BPA substitute. Further research is essential to fully understand the long-term impacts and to guide regulatory measures.