Digitalisering inom byggbranschen : optimering av byggnadsdesign med AI

Sammanfattning

Purpose: This study aims to study and analyze the use of artificial intelligence in building design. The study also investigates the impact on the environment and the influence on stakeholders such as architects and engineers that are involved in the construction industry. Method: The chosen method for this study is a literature study and a case study where several actors in the construction industry have been interviewed. A survey regarding the use of AI in building design has also been assigned to these actors to provide a broader understanding of the companies usage and advantages received from AI. Results: The study shows that there are plenty of advantages of using AI during the design phase in the construction industry. Such advantages are the possibility of working more efficiently by allowing AI to monitor the construction to note deviations that occur at an early stage. Some respondents from the interviews also claim that they could possibly use AI to get different sketch proposals to develop further. AI implementation does also benefit the environment by reducing the energy consumption in buildings. That is done through automatic controls of ventilation, heating and lightning. In spite of all the advantages that AI generates there are some disadvantages too. For instance the lack of security and the misuse of AI that can occur because of people with bad intentions that aim to harm others. Some of the companies who participated in the interviews also stated the challenge of the transition to more digitalization whom they are not used to. The study claims that AI will not replace stakeholders such as architects and engineers because humans have a creativity that exceeds what AI can contribute to. However it can automatize up to 37% of their work. AI is meant to work as a complement and assist employees rather than replacing them. Conclusions: In conclusion it can be stated that AI is being minimally utilized in construction companies due to the lack of research. The only mentioned AI-tool around the respondents who got interviewed is Chat GPT for gathering information. However most of the companies are open to invest in new different AI-tools when the research has reached a higher level. Keywords: artificial intelligence, digitalization, building design.