Dual-Band Microstrip Antenna Array for C & X Band Applications

Sammanfattning

In line with the rapid development of wireless communication, the demands onantenna systems that can send and receive data faster and more securely areincreasing. This thesis focuses on the design and performance analysis of a dual-bandmicrostrip antenna along with a 2×2 antenna array developed for C- and X-bandapplications. These frequencies are widely utilized in areas such as defense systems,satellite communication, radar technology and aviation. Such applications requireantennas that provide strong signal quality, dependable performance, and a compactphysical structure.The work covers the entire development chain, from theoretical calculations andselection of substrate materials to simulation and performance analysis. Theindividual antenna element and the composite antenna array have been modeled andsimulated in the CST software, which is built for electromagnetic simulation. Thefocus of the analysis has been on optimizing the antenna's central parameters such asreflection coefficient, bandwidth and antenna gain.The results from the work show that the designed antenna array exhibits a reflectioncoefficient of -13.1 dB and -9.1 dB for 4 GHz and 9 GHz, respectively. The highestantenna gain for the respective operating frequency was measured at 8.3 dBi and 11.6dBi. This showed an improvement in antenna gain of about 7 dBi from the individualantenna element. The bandwidth was only possible to measure around 4 GHz, whichamounted to 3.17%. In summary, the design does not fully meet the goals for theintended applications, as the requirements prescribe a reflection coefficient below -10 dB for the antenna's operating frequencies. The good S-parameter performance ofthe individual antenna element of -23.3 dB and -18.9 dB, respectively, could not bemaintained when designing the antenna array. However, the work shows that it ispossible to design a dual-band microstrip antenna array for the frequency bands,which can be further developed in future work based on the design that has beendeveloped.