From Tool to Capability: How Organizations Build Sustained Strategic Advantage with Artificial Intelligence

Sammanfattning

This study tests whether dynamic capability processes mediate the relationship between AI-specific resources and AI capability maturity. A structural model is estimated using PLS-SEM with cross-sectional survey data from 46 senior professionals across industries. Of three resource categories, tangible resources show a significant positive path to dynamic capability processes; human and intangible resources are positive in the predicted direction but do not reach the conventional significance threshold. A mediation pattern is supported for tangible resources, with the evidence treated as exploratory. Discriminant validity limitations between the process and outcome constructs qualify the magnitude of the findings. The results provide preliminary evidence that AI capability development runs through organizational processes rather than through resource accumulation alone, with tangible resources operating as the most clearly supported precondition for those processes.