Implementation of Controller Schemes for Multi-Agent Spacecraft Formation Flights via the Basilisk Simulation Framework

Sammanfattning

Given the recent research trends on multi-agent Spacecraft Formation Flights, this study implements Spacecraft Formation Flight controller schemes using the Basilisk Astrodynamics Framework as a high-fidelity simulation environment. With a focus on target-chaser spacecraft pairs, while leveraging relative position dynamics governed by the Clohessy—Wiltshire Equations and rotational dynamics, Spacecraft Formation Flight controllers (both relative position and attitude control) are designed using a simple Proportional-Derivative based control. To evaluate the proposed control methodologies, extensive development and implementations have been carried out in the Basilisk framework to enable the scalability and reproducibility to run simulations for multi-agent Spacecraft Formation Flight scenarios. Using the newly integrated automation features, a set of eight (8) test scenarios has been developed within Basilisk, including four (4) validation cases benchmarking against the analytical solution of the Clohessy–Wiltshire Equations and four (4) controller test cases assessing the effectiveness of the relative position controller. The results demonstrate that the designed relative position controller achieves convergence for relative position stability, allowing chasers to reach and maintain a target reference position from their target. Additionally, comparative analyses highlight key performance metrics, such as accuracy and stability, under variations on initial and end conditions between the created test cases. Overall, this study provides a structured approach for developing and testing Spacecraft Formation Flight controllers, offering insights into their applicability for future autonomous space missions. The enhanced Basilisk framework and its associated test scenarios serve as a foundation for continued research in multi-agent spacecraft coordination, contributing to the broader objective of achieving reliable and efficient autonomous space operations.