Kapacitetsabonnemang, effekttoppar och solbatterisystem i flerbostadshus: Teknisk ekonomisk analys utförd för Karlskrona kommun

Sammanfattning

Abstract This study indicates that the value of battery storage in multi-family buildings cannot be understood independently of the tariff structure within which the system operates. A battery does not have one fixed economic or technical value. Instead, its practical role depends on the type of signal created by the tariff. If the tariff rewards staying below a fixed capacity level, the battery is mainly used to avoid exceeding that limit. If the tariff rewards reducing demand during real network stress, the battery is used in a more selective way. If the tariff is based on monthly demand peaks, the battery is mainly used to reduce the building’s own highest peaks. If the tariff is based on system peak hours, the battery is used when the grid as a whole is under the greatest pressure. This means that the same battery system can lead to different operating strategies under different tariff structures. The key issue is therefore not only whether the battery can store and deliver energy, but whether it can be controlled during the hours that are most important in the tariff model. In this way, battery storage should be understood as a tariff-dependent flexibility resource rather than as a technology that is always equally valuable. The discussion also highlights a clear difference between theory and practice. Some tariff models may be highly cost-reflective in theory, especially dynamic and system-peak models, but they also require more advanced metering, forecasting, communication, and control systems. Simpler models may be easier to implement, but they may not always direct the battery to the hours when the grid actually needs support. This makes it important to assess battery storage not only from a technical perspective, but also in relation to tariff design, system conditions, and practical implementation.