Motivation hos elitidrottare med heltidsarbete : En kvalitativ studie utifrån Self-Determination Theory och Achievment Goal Theory

Sammanfattning

Purpose This qualitative study investigates how elite athletes in less commercialized sports maintain motivation while working 75–100% alongside their athletic careers. Research Questions How do elite athletes maintain their motivation for sport when required to work in parallel alongside their athletic careers? Method Through seven semi-structured interviews with male athletes competing at the highest national level in Sweden, a thematic analysis was conducted using Self-Determination Theory (SDT) and Achievement Goal Theory (AGT) as theoretical frameworks. Results Findings show that intrinsic motivation—such as love for the sport, personal growth, and team belonging—was central, while extrinsic factors played a supporting role. Work impacted motivation both positively and negatively, depending on workload and perceived autonomy. Many athletes described a shift in goal orientation over time, from performance goals to personal development. The study highlights how motivation in dual careers is dynamic and can be sustained through supportive work environments and a focus on intrinsic goals. Conclusion The study shows that a parallel civilian career can enhance motivation in elite sports, particularly when the individual experiences autonomy, receives support from their employer, and engages in meaningful work. The results also highlight how intrinsic motivation—rooted in joy, belonging, and personal growth—contributes to long-term well-being. These insights may help promote sustainable motivation in performance environments with limited resources.