Sensing movement control : A Scoping Review on Portable Sensors in Rehabilitation of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury

Sammanfattning

Background: Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) injury is common in sports and athletes. Returning to sport after reconstruction have a 30% re-injury risk. Impaired movement control could be a risk factor for ACL injuries, often seen in non-contact situations in sports. Gold standard biomechanical assessments are expensive and inaccessible to patients, nor are they able to capture data outside of lab situations. The use of portable sensors within rehabilitation has been increasing, and biomechanical assessments outside of lab conditions is a field of research that has seen considerable advancements over the last three decades. Synthesis of the use and utility of these technologies could aid future research in biomechanical rehabilitation of an ACL injury. Objective: This scoping review aimed to summarize research from the last five years to identify portable sensors, functional tests, and specific movement variables that have been used to assess movement control in rehabilitation of an ACL injury. Method: The study design was a scoping review, formulated with the guidelines from PRISMA-ScR. MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science & SPORTDiscus and a scoping review from 2023 were used for the search. Results: 63 studies were included. The most common identified sensors, task and parameters were; cameras (44,4%), jump-landing (61,9%), and kinematics (69,8%) (e.g. joint angle and range of motion), respectively. Conclusions: The results of this scoping review lead to research gaps in kinetic, sport-specific movements, muscle activity and postural control in ACL-rehabilitation. The findings suggest that multisensor assessments, and out-of-lab testing may contribute to a better understanding of ACL re-injury risk and rehabilitation processes.