Varmt arv: urbana värmeöar i värdefulla kulturmiljöer : Fallstudie av världsarvet Örlogsstaden Karlskrona (Naval Port of Karlskrona)

Sammanfattning

The phenomenon of urban heat islands is a global issue expected to increase in scope and intensity as climate change progresses. The tendency for cities and built environments to exhibit higher temperatures than their surrounding rural areas has long been recognized, and specific strategies and solutions for reducing extreme urban heat have been developed worldwide over an extended period of time. However, as modern societies increasingly classify certain urban district and built environments as culturally and historically valuable, the applicability of traditional heat mitigation strategies becomes increasingly limited. Such classifications impose restrictions on what interventions can be carried out while still preserving the cultural values. The purpose of this thesis is to investigate how climate adaptation in the form of urban heat island mitigation can be integrated into culturally significant environments. The UNESCO World Heritage Site Naval Port of Karlskrona presents particular challenges due to both the World Heritage management plan and Swedish planning and building legislation. The study combines qualitative strategic analysis with quantitative climate data. The research is based on a case study of Karlskrona, where urban geometry and vegetation are mapped and analysed through a microclimate simulation resulting in a heat map of mean radiant temperature (Mrt) across the city. The simulation demonstrates that large parts of Trossö are exposed to significant thermal stress. The heat mapping forms the basis for site surveys of heat-affected public spaces, which subsequently result in site-specific adaptation proposals. Both morphological and nature based solutions (NbS) are examined as strategies that, in addition to reducing thermal stress, may also strengthen existing cultural values such as lines of sight or spatial structures and general urban streetscape character. The proposed interventions demonstrate how Karlskrona’s specific heritage guidelines can be incorporated into heat mitigation strategies that combine climate adaptation with cultural heritage preservation.