BALANCING ELECTRIC POWER DEMAND AND PRODUCTION IN SWEDISH PRICE REGION SE3: AN ENVIRONMENTAL AND TECHNO-ECONOMIC PERSPECTIVE : Analysis of Challenges and solutions for maintaining power system balance in a renewable-dominated future

Sammanfattning

This study analyses the electricity generation versus demand and the balancing requirements in SE3 region under a high electrification and renewable expansion scenario for 2030. To evaluate the production and consumption patterns, the historical data from 2018-2025 are used with respect to yearly, seasonally, and hourly ranges. The results addressed that SE3 is typically a deficit region and faces mismatches between electricity supply and demand even in hourly intervals. Based on scenario assumptions the analysis indicates that high renewable expansion will reduce the total deficit. However, the system irregularity in short time periods will increase high fluctuation in power production depends to the weather and energy shortages in flexibility requirements. To address this, the balancing technologies like batteries can be used for short term, CHP for medium term and hydrogen for seasonal demand. The techno economic study shows that CHP is the lowest cost option and hydrogen is extremely expensive. The environmental analysis indicates that the new system implementation will also cause for environmental issues. However, the study shows that the future electricity system in SE3 requires a combination of balancing solution with effective system design by considering the technical, economic and environmental performance.