Dual-Frequency Dual-Beam Bi-Directional Leaky Wave Antenna : 6G Base Station Antenna

Sammanfattning

This thesis presents a detailed study on Bi-Directional Leaky Wave Antennas (BiLWAs) and introduces a prototype design based on Substrate Integrated Waveguide (SIW) technology, optimized for beam steerable dual-frequency dual-beam operation. The proposed antenna efficiently operates across two frequency bands, potentially offering dual-beam coverage, which may make it a suitable candidate for use in next-generation 6G base station applications. The thesis begins by exploring the theoretical and computational proofs necessary to generate leaky waves on a Microstrip Line (MSL). Furthermore, array factor and dispersion plots are examined to identify the conditions required for achieving broadside radiation in a BiLWA. The proposed antenna design operates on two distinct modes, EH1 and EH3, and provides a broadside radiation pattern at both operating frequencies. The effect of appropriately placing the shorting pins in the SIW has also been studied. The positions of shorting pins plays an important role in controlling the operating frequencies. To further refine the performance, a dual-frequency microwave resonator is employed to excite pure modes and suppress unwanted modes. Additionally, a study has been performed to achieve beam steering at the lower resonant frequency (fEH1), while maintaining a constant beam at the higher resonant frequency (fEH3). The proposed SIW-based BiLWA design demonstrates improved performance in terms of radiation pattern control and frequency tuning, contributing valuable insights to the field of leaky wave antenna design for future wireless communication systems.