Efterfrågestyrd kollektivtrafik : En fallstudie i Luleå kommun för ökad mobilitet hos äldre

Sammanfattning

The report examines demand-responsive public transport, how the service functions, itsadvantages and disadvantages, design guidelines, and the possibilities for implementingsuch a service in Luleå. It also places strong emphasis on the needs of the elderlypopulation, risks in the winter season, and how public transport can be designed for thetargeted group. The report relates to Sustainable Development Goal 11.2 through itsfocus on providing accessible and sustainable transport for all. A large proportion of thepopulation is over 65, and many older adults experience significant difficulties travelinglonger distances, while current public transport is not adapted for individuals withmobility impairments. In addition, older adults are more vulnerable in snowy and icyconditions. The purpose of the report is to analyze how public transport can bedesigned to improve accessibility for this group. The study includes geographicalconditions, appropriate scales for demand-responsive transport, and the feasibility ofimplementing such a system within the Luleå Local Transport network. The work is based on a literature review of existing research and practical applicationsof demand-responsive transport in Europe and Sweden. In addition, an analysis wasconducted of Luleå’s geographical conditions, population structure, route network, andthe former service line “Närlinjen,” which focused on bringing passengers closer toselected destinations, in order to assess whether it would be cost-effective to introducea demand-responsive system in Luleå. The results show that demand-responsive public transport tends to be cost-efficient inrural areas and in parts of municipalities where fixed-route services have low utilization.Such systems also tend to generate high customer satisfaction. In central areas of Luleå,demand is assessed to be too high for a fully flexible system to be economically viable,whereas a targeted service with a high level of service for older adults may be justified inareas with long walking distances and limited access to stops. The analysis indicates thatNärlinjen had low cost efficiency, but that elements of the concept—such as shortwalking distances and adaptations for people with mobility impairments—remainrelevant and are an important part of achieving Sustainable Development Goal 11.2. The conclusion is that implementing demand-responsive public transport in centralLuleå is not appropriate. However, the report finds that a targeted route designed for aspecific user group could improve mobility among older adults.