Grön Gentrifiering på Hisingen: En spatial och kvantitativ analys av gentrifieringsvariabler och parker 2015-2023

Sammanfattning

This study examines whether a spatial relationship exists between blue-green infrastructure and indicators of gentrification in Hisingen, Gothenburg, during the period 2015–2023. Using a GIS-based approach, sociodemographic changes across 83 demographic statistical areas (DeSO) were analysed in relation to six parks established or significantly developed during the study period. Changes in mean income, educational attainment, share of residents with foreign background, and mean age were combined into a gentrification index, which was then tested against distance to the nearest park through linear regression analysis.The results show that socioeconomic changes consistent with gentrification occurred across parts of Hisingen during the period, with the highest index values concentrated in the central and south-eastern parts of the district. However, these changes were geographically selective rather than district-wide. The park areas themselves were predominantly found in the lower index classes, and the DeSO areas with the highest index values contained none of the studied parks. Three regression analyses, covering all DeSO areas, those within 500 metres of a park, and those beyond 500 metres, returned no statistically significant relationship between distance to park and the gentrification index.In line with Cucca’s (2017) comparative study of Copenhagen and Vienna, the results suggest that remaining institutional structures, including public rental housing and the utility value rent system, have dampened the market mechanisms that typically drive park-led gentrification. The relationship between green infrastructure and gentrification in Sweden thus appears weather or more gradual than North American research predicts. The study fills a gap in the existing literature by providing a GIS-based analysis of green gentrification in a welfare state with rent regulation, a context previously absent from international research. Results should be interpreted with caution given the coarse geographic resolution of DeSO areas, and the absence of rental price data in the analysis.