Kvinnors upplevelser av att ha genomgått en mastektomi vid bröstcancer : En beskrivande litteraturstudie

Sammanfattning

Background: Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women globally and there are significant differences in how early the disease is detected. In Sweden, more than one in ten women will be diagnosed with breast cancer during their lifetime. Survival is mainly determined by the stage at which the disease is detected, where early diagnosis and treatment are crucial factors. In recent years, the number of women diagnosed with breast cancer has increased, while mortality has decreased. Aim: The aim of this study was to describe women's experiences of having undergone a mastectomy due to breast cancer. Method: A descriptive literature review was conducted, analyzing 11 qualitative studies to explore women's experiences. Main Results: The analysis resulted in two main categories: Experiences and factors influencing the decision to undergo a mastectomy and Life after mastectomy: physical, emotional, and social perspectives. The decision to undergo a mastectomy can lead to emotional distress. The decision was strongly influenced by fear of recurrence, as well as cosmetic concerns, negative perceptions of alternative treatments, and advice from family and doctors. After the procedure, many women experienced a changed self- image and an impact on their relationships and intimacy. Stigmatization and physical challenges were common, and coping strategies played a key role in managing the various difficulties associated with mastectomy. Conclusion: The decision is influenced by both internal and external factors, and many women face physical, emotional, and social challenges after the procedure. From a clinical perspective, the literature study can contribute to an understanding of women's experiences, enabling nurses and healthcare providers to offer high-quality care throughout the entire process.