Lantgårdsbaserade insatser: påverkan på lantbruksdjurs välfärd, lämplighet för olika patientgrupper och behov av regelverk

Sammanfattning

Animal assisted interventions (AAI) is increasingly common as a tool in human medicine, where animals are used for therapeutic or educational purposes. Companion animals such as dogs, cats and horses have been the major species involved in these interventions. Recently, more attention has been paid to farm animals in this context, and the concept of “green care” and “care farms” is becoming more popular in some parts of the world. While some research has been done on companion animals and their welfare within AAI, the well-being of farm animals has not caught up to speed. This study aimed to examine the research done on AAI with farm animals, regarding animal welfare, different target patient groups, and the animal welfare legislation or guidelines. To do this, a literature search was conducted using three different databases. A total of 42 scientific articles were selected and used. The results showed a lack of research in the animal welfare aspect, while more studies were focused on how people with different illnesses or mental issues responded to green care. Of the available literature, rabbits were the most researched animal within welfare apsects, while goats seemed to be the most suitable for human interactions in AAI. No study reported negative consequences for people after interacting with farm animals, and most of them saw positive effects. Research has mostly been done on people with depression, personality disorders or autism, and it seems to be a suitable complement to traditional treatments for these groups. There is no legislation for farm animals specifically used in AAI, but there are international guidelines available, which are recommended to implement in Swedish standards as well. This study highlights the need for further research on this growing area, especially considering farm animal welfare.