Laser-based Techniques for Measurement of Blood Perfusion: A Comprehensive Literature Study of the Potential Applications in Predicting Anastomotic Leak After Esophagectomy

Sammanfattning

This study explores the application of laser-based techniques for measuring blood perfusion to predict anastomotic leaks (AL) following esophagectomy. ALs, a significant postoperative complication, are primarily associated with inadequate perfusion at the surgical site, leading to increased morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs. Techniques such as Laser Doppler Flowmetry (LDF), Laser Speckle Contrast Imaging (LSCI), and Laser-Induced Fluorescence (LIF) offer non-invasive and precise tools for assessing tissue perfusion. This research compares the strengths and limitations of these methods and highlights their clinical relevance in enhancing postoperative monitoring. Furthermore, a comprehensive literature review reveals that LDF excels in localized, high-sensitivity measurements, while LSCI provides real-time, wide-field imaging suitable for broader surgical applications. LIF, though limited by photobleaching and cost, offers exceptional specificity for molecular diagnostics. The findings underscore the potential of these techniques to reduce AL incidence by enabling early detection of perfusion deficits and guiding targeted interventions. Future recommendations include integrating laser-based methods with artificial intelligence for improved predictive accuracy and conducting clinical trials to validate their efficacy when it comes to predicting AL. This research furthers the understanding of laser-based technologies in modern surgical practices, aiming to improve patient outcomes and optimize healthcare efficiency.