Russian Soft Power and Strategic Communication: Russian influence in Burkina Faso : A Qualitative Case Study of Political Narratives and Communication.

Sammanfattning

This thesis takes a look at how Russian soft power is built and then communicated in Burkina Faso, it aims to understand why it has become politically significant in the country’s context. Instead of examining military presence or economic cooperation like similar research, the study looks at Russian influence through soft power and strategic communication, with a focus on symbolism, narratives, and efforts to establish legitimacy locally and internationally. The thesis uses a qualitative case study and as well as qualitative content analysis of publicly available material, including news reporting, official statements, and policy reports where available, published between 2020 and 2025. Through the usage of this material, the study identifies several recurring themes such as sovereignty, anti-colonialism, and a symbolic partnership. The study also examines how these narratives are communicated and later reinforced within Burkina Faso’s political and media environment. The findings point towards that Russian influence in Burkina Faso is mostly shaped by communication rather than material and developmental engagement. Russia’s appeal is created through the strategic use of symbols and narratives that connect with already existing political grievances and widespread dissatisfaction with previous Western partnerships such as France. Remarkably, these narratives are not just promoted from outside the country but are also repeated by Burkinabè political figures, helping to strengthen the junta's domestic legitimacy. In conclusion, the thesis shows that Russian soft power in Burkina Faso is rather fragile and highly dependent on the local context. Its influence is promoted by political instability, a restricted media environment, and common strategic communication practices, rather than by long term economic or military power.