Smart Charging and Ancillary Services in the Malmö region

Sammanfattning

To meet Sweden’s national environmental goal of 70% emissions reduction by 2030 compared to 2010 from domestic transport, electrification is considered key. However, as more chargeable vehicles are integrated into the market, shortage of capacity for charging infrastructure may arise. To remedy this, flexibility within charging infrastructure is proposed. The aim for this thesis is to estimate the progress of electrification in Sweden, as well as evaluate the potential and need for different types of flexibility concerning electric vehicle charging. A MATLAB model for a future scenario for electrification of transport is developed to assess the future need and potential for various strategies of smart charging solutions. Results indicate that a 90% reduction in peak power consumption, compared to the base case, may be obtained using solutions such as scheduling and signals from flexibility markets. Also as part of the thesis, a smart charging demonstration project performed by E.ON and Parkering Malmö is evaluated in terms of delivered power reduction and ease of operation. Assessment shows that reduction in power did take place, with varying impact. Influenced by the number of charging sessions meeting conditions for participation, relative reduction varies between 14% and 82%. The manual nature of the evaluation performed in this thesis might not be desirable for future development of the project and may induce some inaccuracy. A more automatic method using the VPP control software is proposed, but may require further studies for verification.