The Path to Perfection : Gmirutha in the Theology of Philoxenos of Mabbug (d. 523)

Sammanfattning

Abstract This thesis examines the concept of perfection (gmirutha) in the theology of Philoxenos of Mabbug, with particular focus on his Letter to the Monk Patricius concerning the Spiritual Life. The study investigates how Philoxenos understands the process through which the human person progresses toward perfection and union with God. Using a qualitative and descriptive method grounded in close textual reading and thematic analysis, the thesis analyzes central theological and ascetical themes in Philoxenos’ writings, including Christology, the commandments, purification of the heart, ascetical practice, contemplation, and participation in divine grace. The study argues that perfection in Philoxenos is not understood as moral flawlessness attained through human effort alone, but as a transformative process made possible through the incarnation of Christ, the sacraments, obedience to the commandments, and cooperation with divine grace. Through baptism and the Eucharist, the human person is united with Christ and restored toward the state intended before the fall of Adam. However, because humanity continues to struggle with sin and passions, the commandments retain a therapeutic and restorative function, guiding the believer toward purification and contemplation of God. The thesis also situates Philoxenos within the wider Syriac Christian tradition by engaging relevant secondary scholarship and comparative Syriac sources, particularly The Book of Steps. In doing so, the study demonstrates how Philoxenos’ theology of perfection is closely connected to his Christology and ascetical vision of the Christian life. Ultimately, the thesis concludes that perfection, according to Philoxenos, consists in the gradual transformation of the human person into the likeness of Christ through divine grace, spiritual struggle, and participation in the life of God.