AI-teknik inom kommunal verksamhet : En kvalitativ kartläggning över kommunalt införande och användning av AI-teknik

Sammanfattning

Public organizations have high ambitions regarding how artificial intelligence (AI) can streamline operations and deliver outcomes such as improved citizen services, enhanced quality and more efficient use of resources. The public sector is mostly financed by citizens' tax revenues and characterized by established structures for political governance, legislation and strong professional norms that contribute to stability and legal certainty in society. Consequently, there are high expectations that investments will generate public value and high-quality citizen services. AI remains a relatively new field marked by uncertainty and constrained by regulatory demands. The purpose of this study is to examine how municipal organizations manage the introduction and usage of AI-technology within this environment. The study proceeds in the theoretical framework TOE, which encompasses technological, organizational and environmental aspects to explore the factors influencing adoption and usage. A qualitative approach was applied with data collected through conducting semi-structured interviews. The results show that municipalities’ ability to introduce and use AI technology is shaped by a complex interplay between technological, organizational and environmental factors. The technological aspect is characterized by issues of information security, data storage and transparency. The organizational aspect highlights the importance of good management and sufficient competence as fundamental prerequisites för successful introduction and usage. Regarding the environmental aspect, legal uncertainty and the interpretation of regulations are identified as major challenges, while collaboration with other municipalities and authorities emerges as a valuable tool. In summary, the study demonstrates that the three aspects of the TOE framework cannot be viewed in isolation, rather a holistic understanding of their mutual interaction is essential to comprehend municipalities’ actual capacity to implement and utilize AI technology.