Artificiell intelligens i projektledning : En jämförande studie av hinder och möjligheter inom IT- och samhällsbyggnadsbranschen

Sammanfattning

Many projects today face delays and inefficiencies, and as artificial intelligence (AI) tools become more accessible, expectations grow regarding their potential to improve project management. While previous research has identified key factors that influence AI use, there is still a limited knowledge about how AI is used by project managers in different industry contexts and how various conditions affect its use. This study investigates how AI is used within specific knowledge areas of project management and examines the enabling and hindering factors related to attitudes, social- and technical factors in two contrasting industries: IT and construction. Based on 19 semi-structured interviews with project managers from the two industries, the study shows that generative AI tools such as ChatGPT and Microsoft Copilot are applied in several different knowledge areas such as communication, scheduling, and risk management. However, usage varies widely between sectors and individuals. In the IT sector, AI is often integrated into daily work, while in construction, usage remains limited. Several barriers were identified, including lack of task adaption, concerns about data quality, organizational support, and competence. Moreover, the study highlights that AI use is shaped by broader contextual factors such as industry culture and existing work practices. The results contribute to a more nuanced understanding of how AI is used in project environments and underscore the importance of aligning technological tools with user needs and organizational realities.