Att forma framtidens design: En kvalitativ studie om artificiell intelligens i den arkitektoniska designprocessen

Sammanfattning

Introduction - As the construction industry continues its digital transformation, artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as a technology with the potential to improve efficiency in the architectural design process. The aim of this study is to explore how AI can be applied in architectural work and to examine perceived consequences of the technology. Method - The study adopts a qualitative approach and is based on semi-structured interviews with six practicing architects in the Swedish construction sector. To illustrate AI’s practical applications, a complementary case study was conducted, where generative AI was used to visualize a design concept. The interviews were analyzed thematically to identify recurring patterns linked to the study’s research questions. Results - The results show that AI is primarily perceived as a supportive tool in the early stages of the design process, particularly for visualization, rendering, and the automation of routine tasks. All respondents identified efficiency as a central purpose of AI usage. At the same time, challenges were identified, including limited knowledge, lack of reliability, technical barriers, and a general resistance to change within the industry. Concerns were also raised about AI’s potential to negatively affect architectural creativity and the tendency for AI to be used more as a buzzword than a practical tool. Analysis - The analysis reveals clear correlations between prior research and the participants experiences, especially regarding use cases and technical potential. However, opinions vary regarding AI’s future role and its impact on the professional identity of architects. The study indicates that increased knowledge, education, and integration into existing tools are required for AI to be applied sustainably and over the long term. Discussion - The discussion highlights the importance of critical use and clear responsibility, particularly considering AI’s limitations and challenges. Despite the study’s limited sample and the absence of large-scale practical implementation, it contributes valuable insights into how AI is perceived in an architectural context and provides a foundation for further research and development in the field.