Specialistsjuksköterskans erfarenheter av omvårdnad av patienter med opioidberoende i psykiatrisk öppenvård : en litteraturstudie

Sammanfattning

Abstract Background: Opioid dependence is a major public health concern associated with increased morbidity, premature mortality, and social vulnerability. Patients living with opioid dependence often have complex care needs and frequently face stigma, comorbidity, and recurring needs for support. Psychiatric specialist nurses play an important role in providing nursing care, continuity, and person-centred care in outpatient settings. Aim: The aim of this study was to describe specialist nurses’ experiences of caring for patients with opioid dependence in outpatient settings. Method: The study was conducted as a systematic literature review using qualitative content analysis. Results: The findings showed that specialist nurses described experiences of building therapeutic alliances through accessibility, continuity, respect, and trust. They also described experiences of balancing supportive nursing care with responsibility for patient safety and structure in complex care situations. Furthermore, experiences were identified of stigma affecting patients’ trust, participation, and willingness to seek care. Organisational factors such as leadership, resources, education, and collaboration were described as important for the ability to provide high-quality nursing care. Conclusion: Specialist nurses have a central role in the care of patients with opioid dependence in outpatient settings. To enable safe and person-centred care, the competence of specialist nurses needs to be recognised, valued, and supported through favourable organisational conditions.